How does stress affect the body according to nursing principles?

Stress significantly impacts the body through a variety of physiological changes that can affect overall health. When a person experiences stress, the body's response can trigger the release of hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline. These hormones prepare the body for a 'fight-or-flight' response, which can lead to increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and heightened blood sugar levels.

Chronic stress can lead to long-term health issues, including cardiovascular diseases, weakened immune response, digestive problems, and mental health disorders, among others. It also disrupts the balance of bodily functions, leading to conditions like anxiety, depression, and even gastrointestinal issues. Understanding these comprehensive effects is essential in nursing, as it emphasizes the importance of addressing stress management as part of overall care to promote better health outcomes and improve patient well-being.