What is a common complication of immobility in patients?

A common complication of immobility in patients is the development of pressure ulcers, also known as bedsores or decubitus ulcers. These injuries to the skin and underlying tissue occur due to prolonged pressure on the skin, which restricts blood flow to the area. When patients are immobile, particularly those confined to a bed or wheelchair, certain areas of the body that experience constant pressure become vulnerable to damage.

Factors such as moisture, friction, and shear can further aggravate the risk of pressure ulcers. Patients with limited movement may not be able to relieve this pressure on their own, increasing their susceptibility to skin breakdown. Prevention strategies often include regular repositioning, the use of supportive surfaces like specialized mattresses, and maintaining skin hygiene.

While pneumonia, cardiac arrest, and urinary incontinence can also be complications in immobile patients, they arise from different mechanisms and are not as directly related to the sustained pressure that leads to pressure ulcers. Therefore, the focus on the relationship between immobility and the localized skin injury underscores why pressure ulcers are a significant concern for healthcare providers managing immobile patients.